An annual plumbing review helps homeowners find small leaks, corrosion, drainage changes, and equipment problems before they cause extensive damage. Use this checklist for observation and simple housekeeping; leave work involving fuel, electricity, pressure, concealed pipes, or code requirements to a qualified professional.
1. Locate and test accessible shutoff valves
Make sure everyone responsible for the property knows the location of the main shutoff. Identify fixture shutoffs under sinks and near toilets and appliances. Look for corrosion or leakage. Do not force a valve that is stuck or fragile—schedule service instead.
2. Check visible pipes and cabinets
Inspect under sinks, around toilets, and near appliances for moisture, staining, swollen materials, corrosion, or musty odors. A dry paper towel passed beneath an accessible connection can reveal a small drip.
3. Watch the water meter for hidden use
Turn off all fixtures and water-using appliances, then observe the meter according to the utility’s guidance. Continued movement may indicate a leak, although automatic equipment can also use water. Confirm the source before drawing conclusions.
4. Inspect toilets
Listen for running, check that the tank refills normally, and look for movement at the base. A toilet that rocks, leaks, or repeatedly clogs needs attention. Avoid overtightening porcelain fixtures.
5. Clean strainers and accessible aerators
Remove debris from drain screens and faucet aerators where manufacturer instructions allow. Uneven or reduced flow can come from mineral buildup, but it can also indicate a valve, supply, or pressure problem.
6. Review drain performance
Note slow drainage, gurgling, recurring odors, or backups. Clean removable stoppers and screens. Multiple affected fixtures may point to a vent or main-line issue that needs professional camera inspection.
7. Inspect appliance hoses
Look at washing-machine, dishwasher, refrigerator, and other water connections for bulges, cracking, corrosion, and dampness. Follow the appliance and hose manufacturer’s replacement recommendations.
8. Review the water heater
Look for water, rust, soot, damaged venting, unusual noise, or temperature changes. Keep combustible storage away from the appliance. Arrange maintenance according to the manufacturer; do not alter the relief valve or controls.
9. Check exterior plumbing
Inspect hose bibbs, irrigation connections, exposed piping, and backflow equipment. Repair leaks and prepare exposed plumbing for seasonal freezing where applicable. Backflow testing may require a certified tester.
10. Review water pressure and quality changes
Sudden changes in pressure, color, taste, or odor deserve investigation. High pressure can stress fixtures and appliance connections. Water-quality concerns may require utility guidance or certified testing rather than visual inspection alone.
When to schedule service
Promptly address active leaks, sewage backup, suspected gas leaks, water near electricity, loss of service, or rapid pressure changes. For non-emergency concerns, grouping several observations into one planned inspection can make maintenance more efficient. See MaxRooter’s plumbing services and leak-detection information.